What is a Pull-Down Resistor?A pull-down resistor is used in electronic logic circuits to ensure a known state for a signal. It is usually used in combination with transistors and switches to ensure the voltage between ground and Vcc is actively controlled when the switch is open (similar to a pull-up resistor).This can sound confusing at first, so let’s go into an example.A digital circuit has three input logic states; High (1), Low (0), and floating (undefined). But the digital circuit only op

What is a Pull-up Resistor?A pull-up resistor is used in electronic logic circuits to ensure a known state for a signal. It is usually used in combination with transistors and switches to ensure the voltage between ground and Vcc is actively controlled when the switch is open (similar to a pull-down resistor).It is not a special kind of resistor, it is a normally fixed value resistor connected between a supply voltage and input pin.This can sound confusing at first, so let’s go into an example.D

A carbon composition resistor is a type of fixed resistor that limits or reduces the electric current in a circuit. It is made of a solid cylindrical body of carbon or graphite powder mixed with a binder, such as clay or resin. The carbon powder acts as a conductor, while the binder acts as an insulator. The resistor has two metal leads or caps attached to its ends, which connect it to the circuit. Carbon composition resistors were widely used in the past, but they are now replaced by other type

What is a Light Dependent Resistor?A light-dependent resistor is defined as a device whose resistance decreases with increasing light intensity and increases with decreasing light intensity. The resistance of an LDR can range from a few ohms to several megaohms, depending on the type and quality of the material used and the ambient temperature.The symbol for a light-dependent resistor is shown below. The arrow indicates the direction of light falling on it. How Does a Light-Dependent Resistor Wo